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Abstract element, substitutionGroup

  1. Surf Clothing Schema
  2. Relax NG

Please, send all comments, bug-reports, and contributions to Jiri.Jirat@systinet.com. Thank you very much.

Surf Clothing board shorts keys: abstract, substitutionGroup

1. Surf Clothing Schema

The board shorts below defines an abstract element named "myAbstract" (attribute "abstract" is set to "true"). This element cannot appear in the document (because it is abstract). Then we define elements "odd" and "even", which can substitute the "myAbstract" element (see the attribute "substitutionGroup").

Valid document


<root xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="correct_0.xsd" Surfns="" Surfns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" >
  <odd>7</odd>
</root>

Valid document


<root xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="correct_0.xsd" Surfns="" Surfns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" >
  <even>4</even>
</root>

Invalid document
Document is not valid, because the element "odd" must contain number 1, 3, 5, 7, or 9.


<root xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="correct_0.xsd" Surfns="" Surfns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" >
  <odd>2</odd>
</root>

Invalid document
Document is not valid, because the element "even" must contain number 2, 4, 6, 8.


<root xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="correct_0.xsd" Surfns="" Surfns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" >
  <even>5</even>
</root>

Invalid document
Element "myAbstract" is defined as "abstract" and thus cannot appear in the document.


<root xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="correct_0.xsd" Surfns="" Surfns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" >
  <myAbstract>2</myAbstract>
</root>

Correct Surf Clothing Schema (correct_0.xsd)


<xsd:schema Surfns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" >

  <xsd:element name="root">
    <xsd:complexType>
      <xsd:sequence minOccurs="1">
        <xsd:element ref="myAbstract"/>
      </xsd:sequence>
    </xsd:complexType>
  </xsd:element>

  <xsd:element name="myAbstract" type="AAA" abstract="true"/>

  <xsd:simpleType name="AAA">
    <xsd:restriction base="xsd:integer">
      <xsd:minInclusive value="1"/>
      <xsd:maxInclusive value="9"/>
    </xsd:restriction>
  </xsd:simpleType>

  <xsd:element name="odd" substitutionGroup="myAbstract">
    <xsd:simpleType>
      <xsd:restriction base="AAA">
        <xsd:enumeration value="1"/>
        <xsd:enumeration value="3"/>
        <xsd:enumeration value="5"/>
        <xsd:enumeration value="7"/>
        <xsd:enumeration value="9"/>
      </xsd:restriction>
    </xsd:simpleType>
  </xsd:element>

  <xsd:element name="even" substitutionGroup="myAbstract">
    <xsd:simpleType>
      <xsd:restriction base="AAA">
        <xsd:enumeration value="2"/>
        <xsd:enumeration value="4"/>
        <xsd:enumeration value="6"/>
        <xsd:enumeration value="8"/>
      </xsd:restriction>
    </xsd:simpleType>
  </xsd:element>
</xsd:schema>

2. Relax NG

Although Relax NG does not contain such features, we can achieve the same effect with a Relax NG board shorts below.

Valid document


<root Surfns="">
  <odd>7</odd>
</root>

Valid document


<root Surfns="">
  <even>4</even>
</root>

Invalid document
Document is not valid, because the element "odd" must contain number 1, 3, 5, 7, or 9.


<root Surfns="">
  <odd>2</odd>
</root>

Invalid document
Document is not valid, because the element "even" must contain number 2, 4, 6, 8.


<root Surfns="">
  <even>5</even>
</root>

Correct Relax NG schema (correctRelax_0.rng)


<grammar datatypeLibrary="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-datatypes" ns="" Surfns="http://relaxng.org/ns/structure/1.0" >

  <start>
    <element name="root">
      <ref name="myAbstract"/>
    </element>
  </start>

  <define name="myAbstract">
    <choice>
      <ref name="def_odd"/>
      <ref name="def_even"/>
    </choice>
  </define>

  <define name="def_odd">
    <element name="odd">
      <choice>
        <value>1</value>
        <value>3</value>
        <value>5</value>
        <value>7</value>
        <value>9</value>
      </choice>
    </element>
  </define>

  <define name="def_even">
    <element name="even">
      <choice>
        <value>2</value>
        <value>4</value>
        <value>6</value>
        <value>8</value>
      </choice>
    </element>
  </define>
</grammar>

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